Use of condenser microphones.
Condenser microphones are highly sensitive, so they are generally equipped with shock mounts.
In addition, from the point of view, music studios or recording studios commonly use cardioid pointing microphones, figure 8 pointing microphones, and omnidirectional microphones.
We will focus on the use of condenser microphones in recording studios.
The first method used to isolate unwanted sounds in a microphone is to carefully select and build the microphone. Most sound engineers-even novices-know that in a less than ideal acoustic environment, such as noisy or excessive reverberation, a directional microphone is required. Large-diaphragm condenser microphones usually used for human voices provide a single directivity or multiple selectable directivity. Most of the time, a single-pointing shape-some so-called cardioids-will also be used; a cardioid pointing microphone will pick up sound from the front (on the axis), and the design concept is to isolate the sound behind, and at a certain angle The sound from the lower side.
Heart-shaped pointing wheat (left) and double pointing (8-shaped) wheat
The figure-of-eight directional (bidirectional) microphone-which picks up the front and back sound and isolates the side sound-is a very practical microphone. Nine out of ten times, this microphone will be used. But it should be remembered that the following sounds cannot be absolutely isolated. Sometimes some sounds will still be picked up, which will cause serious sound staining to the sounds that originally need to be recorded. So the difference in microphone directivity is not a universal solution to the problem of sound leakage and room sound staining-but it must be the first thing to consider to solve such problems.
Generally speaking, no matter what the distance to the sound source, in order to get the best effect, when placing a cardioid microphone, you should ensure that the inactive area (rear) is aligned in the direction of the least desired sound-I know this. It is an easy thing to think of, but many people forget these small details when they rush to build. So a little attention at this time will usually make a huge difference to the following work.
Need to pay attention to recording
1. The problem of earphone leakage.
Because our recordings are usually pure dry sound, which is a very clean vocal singing without other noises. Then add various effectors to adjust later. So first of all, the singer's headphones should try to buy fully enclosed monitor headphones. The second is the semi-closed type, and then the in-ear type. Even if you use a fully enclosed headset, there will still be problems. Many singers still want to hear a little sound in their own acoustic environment when recording, because this can help them better maintain their pitch, but this will also cause some singers to wear only one earphone. If you don't notice this problem before recording, then the sound from the earphone that is not properly worn will be transmitted to the nearby microphone. So it is important to find out in advance whether performers will have this habit. If they have such actions, then it is best to send all the return sounds only to the headset that they will wear (only the left channel or only the right channel). In this case, the headset that is not worn will not work. There will be a voice coming out. In addition, the accompaniment volume level should be reduced as much as possible during recording.
2. Sound insulation
For some distant sounds, isolating the microphone from the unwanted sound environment can help keep the recording as clean as possible. Depending on the proportion of noise in the sound source and the proportion of noise picked up by the microphone (how loud the noise is), there are many ways to solve these problems.
If the sound leakage is relatively scattered sound/noise, then the ideal method is to eliminate these sounds as much as possible. It can be eliminated from the source, or some shielding can be placed between the microphone and these unwanted noises. The noise and hum of the air conditioner are common problems, because the low frequency sound tends to fill the entire room, so the best way is to turn off the air conditioner during recording. But in order to keep the recording studio from being particularly stuffy, you can turn on the air conditioner between recordings of different songs, or turn it on during the rest period-the air conditioner-although this is not an ideal method, it will still be effective. When the air conditioning system is separated, like the air conditioning main unit is placed outside and the indoor unit is placed indoors, it will be much better. But if the air conditioner is not in quiet (low air volume) mode, it may still be picked up a certain amount of noise.
3. Notes for singers and musicians
Generally, you just start to test the microphone to determine whether the microphone is in a normal recording state. Let the singer say two sentences, or sing two sentences to try. Never use your hands to shoot the microphone. If a singer has metal jewelry on his body, it is easy to make a sound. Please take it off before recording. Also make sure that the distance between the singer and the microphone is as small as possible each time. Only in this way can the sound be unified and facilitate post-processing.
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