Microphone, whose scientific name is microphone, is an energy conversion device that converts sound signals into electrical signals. It is a transliteration of the English word "Microphone". Also called microphone and microphone. In the 20th century, microphones developed from acoustic-electric conversion through resistance to inductive and capacitive conversion. A large number of new microphone technologies were gradually developed, including microphones such as aluminum ribbon and moving coil, as well as the widely used condenser microphones and electrets. Body microphone.
According to the principle of sound-electric conversion: electric type (moving coil type, aluminum belt type), capacitor
Type (DC polarization type), piezoelectric type (crystal type, ceramic type), electromagnetic type, carbon particle type, semiconductor type, etc.
According to the force of the sound field, it is divided into: pressure type, pressure difference type, combined type, linear type and so on.
According to the transmission method of electric signal, it is divided into wired and wireless.
Divided by purpose: measuring microphone, vocal microphone, instrument microphone, recording microphone, etc.
According to the directivity, it is divided into: cardioid, sharp heart, super cardioid, two-way (8-shaped), non-directional (omnidirectional).
Electret microphones are small in size and low in cost, and are widely used in telephones, mobile phones and other equipment.
Silicon micro microphones are based on CMOSMEMS technology and are smaller in size. Its consistency will be more than 4 times better than that of electret condenser microphones, so MEMS microphones are particularly suitable for cost-effective microphone array applications, where a better-matched microphone will improve sound wave formation and reduce noise.
Laser microphones are used in eavesdropping.
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